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River Chief System (RCS): An experiment on cross-sectoral coordination of watershed governance

Longfei Wang, Jiaxin Tong, Yi Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1157-9

摘要：

The trans-regional characteristics of watershed governance produce more problems beyond the capacity of each individual water-related department, leading to the fragmentation of watershed management. The River Chief System (RCS) has experienced swift developments over the past decade in China by appointing the local government heads as river chiefs. RCS works efficiently in the short-term due to its superiority in the inclusion of clear responsibility, authority, and multi-sectoral collaboration. However, the characteristics of the authority-based vertical coordination of the hierarchical system remain unchanged, and therefore the problems of organizational logic and the responsibility dilemma still exist. Tasks including perfecting of laws, integrated watershed management, and public participation still need to be completed. RCS reflects the routine and characteristics of the migration of national governance, and as such provides new insights for other developing countries in the design of river management systems.

关键词： River Chief System Watershed governance Cross-sectoral coordination Environmental protection

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Impacts of inter-sectoral trade on carbon emissions—a case of China in 2007

Xiuqi FANG, Benyong WEI, Yuan WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 387-402 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0396-9

摘要： With the increase in international trade, more attention has been given to quantifying the impacts of international trade on energy use and carbon emissions. Input-output analysis is a suitable tool for assessing resources or pollutants embodied in trade and it has become a critical tool for performing such analysis. This study estimated the national and sectoral carbon emissions embodied in Chinese international trade using the latest available China input-output table of 2007. The results showed that a significant exporting behavior of embodied carbon emissions existed in China’s trade. Over 1/3 of the emissions in Chinese domestic production processes were generated for exports in 2007. The net balance of emissions embodied in exports and imports accounted for nearly 30% of China’s domestic emissions, which means that any policy made to increase the exports would result in a significant growth of China’s domestic emissions. Since over half of China’s export trade is processing trade, the re-exported emissions could not be overlooked; otherwise, it would hard to capture the actual emissions generated abroad to obtain China’s domestic consumption. The enlargement of export scale is a primary driven factor to the rapid growth of China’s exported emissions. It is necessary for China to adjust its economic and industrial structure to reduce the dependence of economic growth on the export trade. However, when adjusting industry structures or making policies on carbon emission reduction, it will be more reasonable to consider the relationship between production and consumption, rather than just focus on the emission values of sectors’ direct production, as a large part of carbon emissions emitted by the principal direct polluters were generated to obtain the products which were required by other sectors.

关键词： international trade carbon emissions input-output analysis China

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Managing Coordination Complexity in the Remanufacturing of Aircraft Engines

Qing Yang,Lu Zheng

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第2期页码 158-164 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016022

摘要： The complexity of communication and coordination stemming from teams responsible for adjusting interdependent parameters of components is a fundamental feature in the aircraft engine remanufacturing engineering project. To manage coordination complexity, the features of the remanufacturing process of aircraft engine are analyzed and a systematic method is presented to measure and optimize the dependency between coupled components. Furthermore, quantitative models are built based on Design Structure Matrix (DSM) models to measure dependency strengths related to the parameter features of the components. Also, a two-stage DSM clustering criteria is used to reduce the complexity of an organization. An industrial example is provided to illustrate the proposed models. The results showed that the proposed approach can reduce total coordination complexity.

关键词： remanufacturing engineering project aircraft engine coordination complexity organization optimization design structure matrix (DSM)

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秦巴山脉区域跨域性政府协同治理体系构建研究

袁晓军,温娜,张近乐

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第1期页码 50-55 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.01.005

摘要：

区域性问题的解决依赖于同区域内各个地方政府之间的协同合作，而秦巴山脉区域内的多头治理以及政府间缺乏政策协调的现状，已经明显制约了区域经济建设、生态保护的可持续发展。针对秦巴山脉区域内各地方政府目前协同合作中表现出的缺乏系统规划和全局思路、合作程度较浅以及合作领域较窄等问题，本文阐述了组织间合作网络理论，分析了长江流域综合治理的成功经验，据此提出了构建秦巴山脉区域三级协同治理体系的总体思路。研究建议：进一步加强秦巴山脉区域的统筹规划、在国家层面设立专门机构来落实协同治理的“协调人”角色、发挥区域性重点建设工程对协同治理的引领和实践作用、推动区域内地方政府间的人员交流和换位思考。相关研究可为秦巴山脉区域建立区域政府协同治理机制、提高政府治理水平提供参考。

关键词：秦巴山脉区域政府治理协同合作组织间合作网络

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Distributed coordination inmulti-agent systems: a graph Laplacian perspective

Zhi-min HAN,Zhi-yun LIN,Min-yue FU,Zhi-yong CHEN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第6期页码 429-448 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500118

摘要： This paper reviews some main results and progress in distributed multi-agent coordination from a graph Laplacian perspective. Distributed multi-agent coordination has been a very active subject studied extensively by the systems and control community in last decades, including distributed consensus, formation control, sensor localization, distributed optimization, etc. The aim of this paper is to provide both a comprehensive survey of existing literature in distributed multi-agent coordination and a new perspective in terms of graph Laplacian to categorize the fundamental mechanisms for distributed coordination. For different types of graph Laplacians, we summarize their inherent coordination features and specific research issues. This paper also highlights several promising research directions along with some open problems that are deemed important for future study.

关键词： Multi-agent systems Distributed coordination Graph Laplacian

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Review of human–robot coordination control for rehabilitation based on motor function evaluation

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0684-4

摘要： As a wearable and intelligent system, a lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robot can provide auxiliary rehabilitation training for patients with lower limb walking impairment/loss and address the existing problem of insufficient medical resources. One of the main elements of such a human–robot coupling system is a control system to ensure human–robot coordination. This review aims to summarise the development of human–robot coordination control and the associated research achievements and provide insight into the research challenges in promoting innovative design in such control systems. The patients’ functional disorders and clinical rehabilitation needs regarding lower limbs are analysed in detail, forming the basis for the human–robot coordination of lower limb rehabilitation robots. Then, human–robot coordination is discussed in terms of three aspects: modelling, perception and control. Based on the reviewed research, the demand for robotic rehabilitation, modelling for human–robot coupling systems with new structures and assessment methods with different etiologies based on multi-mode sensors are discussed in detail, suggesting development directions of human–robot coordination and providing a reference for relevant research.

关键词： human–robot coupling lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot motor assessment dynamical model perception

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我国汽车与环境协同发展进程中主要矛盾与发展方向研究

吴潇萌, 吴烨, 郝吉明

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第1期页码 74-83 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.01.011

摘要：

本文对我国目前汽车的污染物排放特征进行了研究，对各类汽车污染物排放的历史数据进行了分析、总结与建模，对未来排放趋势进行了预测，并对我国未来汽车与环境协同发展进程中的瓶颈与主要矛盾进行了总结与梳理，提出了适用于我国的汽车与环境协同发展路线与重点发展方向，给出了相应的发展建议与控制对策。

关键词：汽车强国协同发展汽车排放控制

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Interference coordination in full-duplex HetNet with large-scale antenna arrays Article

Zhao-yang ZHANG, Wei LYU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第6期页码 830-840 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700047

摘要：对于未来的第五代通信系统，干扰协调已经成为最具挑战性的问题，而大规模多输入多输出、小蜂窝和全双工技术均是在此背景下充满前景的技术。提出一个针对两层异构网络的干扰协调框架，该异构网络包含了一个装备大规模天线阵列的宏蜂窝基站和大量使用全双工技术的小蜂窝基站。因为带内全双工和带外全双工会产生不同的干扰模式，为了抑制干扰和最大化网络吞吐量，每个小蜂窝基站在无线回程链路的全双工模式都应慎重选择。为解决此模式选择问题，提出两种集中式算法，分别是遗传算法和贪心算法。此外，为了更充分降低宏蜂窝基站的计算开销，进一步提出一种基于代价的分布式图染色算法。仿真结果表明：提出的算法显著提高了系统吞吐量。

关键词：大规模多输入多输出；全双工；小蜂窝；无线回程链路；分布式算法

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工程项目多目标协同优化研究

刘晓峰,陈通,吴绍艳

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第3期页码 90-94

摘要：

将微粒群算法(particle swarm optimization，PSO)引入工程项目多目标协同优化领域，研究工程项目的质量、费用、资源和工期的协同优化问题。文章首先系统介绍微粒群算法原理、流程以及算法的改进发展，然后研究了工程项目质量、费用、工期和资源的协调功效系数，并建立了质量、费用、工期和资源的多目标协同优化模型，接下来介绍了应用微粒群算法编码解决工程项目多目标优化的方法步骤。最后，通过一个应用实例，计算表明微粒群算法可以准确快速地解决工程项目多目标协同优化问题。

关键词：微粒群算法工程项目管理协同功效系数多目标协同规划模型算例

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Methods and applications of DEA cross-efficiency: Review and future perspectives

Jie WU, Jiasen SUN, Liang LIANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第2期页码 199-211 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0133-1

摘要： The field of engineering management usually involves evaluation issues, such as program selection, team performance evaluation, technology selection, and supplier evaluation. The traditional self-evaluation data envelopment analysis (DEA) method usually exaggerates the effects of several inputs or outputs of the evaluated decision-making unit (DMU), resulting in unrealistic results. To address this problem, scholars have proposed the cross-efficiency evaluation (CREE) method. Compared with the DEA method, CREE can rank DMUs more completely by using reasonable weights. With the extensive application of this technique, several problems, such as non-unique weights and non-Pareto optimal results, have arisen in CREE methods. Therefore, the improvement of CREE has attracted the attention of many scholars. This paper reviews the theory and applications of CREE, including the non-uniqueness problem, the aggregation of cross-efficiency data, and applications in engineering management. It also discusses the directions for future research on CREE.

关键词： cross-efficiency evaluation efficiency secondary goal model aggregation review

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一种城市主干道信号动态协调控制方法及其应用 Article

Guo-jiang SHEN,Yong-yao YANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第9期页码 907-918 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500227

摘要：概要：针对城市主干道的交通流特征，提出了一种新的交通信号协调控制方法。其核心控制算法包括两个模块：控制子区划分模块和信号协调控制模块。本文首先分析了相邻交叉口的路段长度、路段交通密度以及交叉口信号配时参数对相邻交叉口交通关联度的影响，然后设计了基于分层结构的相邻交叉口交通关联度的模糊计算方法和基于关联度的主干道控制子区划分方法。接着提出了一种控制子区协调控制算法，根据一段时间内交通流信息计算控制子区公共信号周期、路段上下行相位差和各路口的绿信比。实际应用表明该控制方法能有效降低主干道交通流平均旅行时间和平均停车率，效果令人满意。

关键词：城市主干道；控制子区；协调控制；关联度；模糊逻辑；智能交通

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Prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among public hospital employees in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 100-107 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0372-9

摘要：

This study aims to explore the prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among hospital employees in Shanghai, China. A cross-sectional study of 4612 employees aged 19 to 68 years was conducted through stratified cluster sampling from different classes of Shanghai hospitals in 2011. The total physical activity was evaluated using the metabolic equivalent according to the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Among the participants, 38.5%, 32.3%, and 64.6% of the employees are inactive at work, commuting, and taking leisure time, respectively. Up to 41.8% of the men and 37.8% of the women (P = 0.012) are physically inactive. When the age and educational level are adjusted, male doctors and medical technicians show a higher percentage of physical inactivity than male workers in logistics (P = 0.001). Among females, employees who are working in second- and third-class hospitals show a higher proportion of physical inactivity than those who are working in community health care centers. Logistic regression analyses show that the odds ratios (ORs) of leisure-time physical inactivity associated with the intensity of physical activity at work are 2.259, 2.897, and 4.266 for men (P<0.001) and 2.456, 3.259, and 3.587 for women (P<0.001), respectively. The time during commuting activities is significantly associated with leisure-time physical inactivity in either sex (OR= 2.116 for men and 2.173 for women, P<0.001). Hospital employees, particularly doctors and medical technicians, show a higher proportion of physical inactivity than other inhabitants in Shanghai. The time and intensity of activity at work and commuting are associated with leisure-time activities.

关键词： prevalence determination employee public hospital cross-sectional study physical inactivity

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Air bearing center cross gap of neutron stress spectrometer sample table support system

Yang LI,Yunxin WU,Hai GONG,Xiaolei FENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第4期页码 403-411 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0405-y

摘要：

A support system is the main load-bearing component of sample table for neutron stress spectrometer, and air bearing is an important element of a support system. The neutron stress spectrometer sample table was introduced, and the scheme for air bearing combination was selected. To study the performance of air bearing center cross gap, finite element models (FEMs) were established based on air motion and Reynolds equations, effects of air supply pressure, and gap parameters on the overturning moment and bearing capacity of air bearing center cross gap were analyzed. Results indicate that the width, depth, and height differences of the marble floor gap played important roles in the performance of the air bearing. When gap width is lesser than 1 mm and gap depth is lower than 0.4 mm, bearing capacity and overturning moment would vary rapidly with the variation of the width and depth. A gap height difference results in the bearing capacity dropping rapidly. The FEM results agree well with experimental results. Further, findings of the study could guide the design of the support system and marble floor.

关键词： neutron stress spectrometer sample table support system air bearing center cross gap simulation experiment

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RESPONSE OF WHEAT COMPOSITE CROSS POPULATIONS TO DISEASE AND CLIMATE VARIATION OVER 13 GENERATIONS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第3期页码 400-415 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021394

摘要：

Since the F₅ (2005), three winter wheat composite cross populations (CCPs) based on germplasm specifically suitable for low-input conditions were subjected to natural selection under organic and conventional management. In the F₆, each CCP was divided into two parallel populations (12 CCPs in total) and maintained continuously until 2018. Commonly used modern cultivars with different disease susceptibilities were grown alongside to assess the agronomic performance of the CCPs. The organically managed CCPs were comparable in yield and foliar disease resistance to two continuously used reference cultivars, Achat and Capo. In contrast, under conventional management the cv. Capo outyielded the CCPs (Achat was not tested), highlighting the importance of parental cultivar choice for specific management systems. The CCPs were found to be moderately resistant to brown rust and even to the newly emerged stripe rust races prevalent in Europe since 2011. Differences between the CCPs were mainly due to parental genetic background and were significant in the first five generations, but were no longer so in the last five generations. In addition, these differences tended to vary depending on the experimental year and the environmental stresses present. In conclusion, the CCPs despite being derived from older cultivars are able to compete with more recently released reference cultivars under organic farming practices and represent a dynamic germplasm resource.

关键词： evolutionary breeding heterogeneous crop population management system